To date, there is no reliable diagnostic method that gives it the result of one hundred percent with respect to the pathogens of the disease and the degree of process activity.Compared to other methods, a blood test for parasites is more precise.Only in this way information about the presence of a particular microorganism can be obtained, regardless of the cycle of its vital activity from the formation of the egg and the larva to an adult.
Why is the exact diagnosis of helminths important?Almost all antiparasitic agents presented in the pharmaceutical market have a wide range of activity in relation to different groups of worms.
However, the treatment period differs, depending on the type of disease, it can be 1 day to several months.At the same time, helminths affect the work of the entire human body.
Its development is accompanied by physiological changes such as:
- Desensitization (constant allergic reaction).
- Persistent lack of vitamins and several elements.With the parasitic invasion, the structure of epithelial intestinal cells is damaged, as a result, the absorption of several nutrients is altered.
- Changes in the hormonal background.
- Sacred disturbances (this is also reflected in the usual blood analysis).Increased vascular permeability.
- The development of chronic digestive pathologies (liver and biliary tract disease, inflammation of the pancreas, intestines), endocrine (diabetes), bronchopulmonary system (bronchial asthma).
- Exacerbation of allergic diseases.
- Emotional disorders (chronic fatigue, irritability, bad mood, insomnia, alarming constant, pathological hyperactivity).
- Exercise with the difficult course of diseases caused by viruses and infections due to immunodeficiency.
Confirmation of the diagnosis for a blood test in parasites is also recommended when specific symptoms of helminthiasis appear.We put in the most common.The possible infection with worms (enterobiosis) is evidenced with itching in the area of the anus, increasing significantly at night and night.Its intensity depends on the power of the invasion.Sometimes it is not limited to the anus, but applies to external genitals.The constant hairstyle can cause infectious complications.
The invasion of Blazothale (Trichocephales) is accompanied by a general discomfort, an increase in fatigue, pain in the right iliac region, diarrhea is constantly replaced by constipation, sometimes a blood stone is observed in the stool.Strongiloidosis continues with constant temperature fluctuations, chest rashes, buttocks, abdomen, low back and hips, stench diarrhea (up to 7 times a day).
Tricinelosis signs are symptoms of acute poisoning, facial swelling, severe muscle pain.It is dangerous to defeat almost all internal organs and the central nervous system.Toxocarosis is also characterized by dry night cough.Sometimes, toxocar larvae enter the brain with blood flow.In this case, the patient may have seizures and other neurological symptoms.
Almost all parasites are characterized by a set of clinical signs, which consist of:
- pain and rumble in the abdomen;
- nausea, less frequently - vomiting;
- feces violations;
- flatulence;
- Allergic manifestations.
Currently, the most common method of diagnosis of helminthiasis is a serological immunosorbent blood analysis for parasite detection.The decoding of this study is based on the detection of certain antibodies, which occur in response to foreign microorganism antigens.
The advantage of immunoformal analysis (Elisa) is its versatility.Such technique is applicable for the diagnosis of worms both in an adult and in a child.Treatment with several medications does not have a significant effect on the results.The only thing that can affect antibody production is the state of immunodeficiency.In addition, this blood test analysis is integral, that is, several pathogens can be identified at the same time
How to verify if there are parasites, what tests take, preparation for research
How to verify the parasites, what tests can be given in the clinical and diagnostic center.Now they offer many packages for complex diagnoses, which include research on all common helminths and protozoa.Your behavior does not require special training.
But to obtain reliable results, doctors recommend not eating 8-10 hours before analysis, blood strictly with an empty stomach in the morning.In addition, they are advised to refrain from fatty and sweet foods, alcohol.Stress, intensive physical effort should be avoided.If drug use falls early, you must transfer it for several hours and drink it after analysis.
The blood fence is made of vein.To carry out the study, 1-3 ml is enough.Then the nurse asks to fold the hand to the elbow and stay in this position for 10-15 minutes.This is necessary to avoid the formation of a bruise.The result will be ready in 3-5 days.
In medical literature, the IFA methodology is described using specific terminology, which is simply incomprehensible to an adequate education person, who is simply interested in how to verify if there are parasites, what evidence to take.
Under laboratory conditions, they take a special tablet with cells in which an antigen of a certain parasite is introduced pre -edged.There is added a small amount of blood serum.Then, using the devices, photometry is carried out, during which specific markers are evaluated.The "classic" study includes: giardia, toxoplasmas, tricomonas, all the pathogens of Helmintiases (worms, ascárides, toxocares, equinoxes, opistarchy, trichinella).
As a result of Elisa, three types of antibodies can be distinguished:
- IGM, detect 2.5-4 weeks of infection;
- IGA, it occurs from the first days of the disease and is determined to the cure;
- IgG, discovered from 4 weeks of the disease, a decrease in titles occurs only after 1-1.5 months after recovery.
The conclusion about the presence of a parasitic infection is carried out based on the relationship of these antibodies.Its absence indicates that there is no helminical invasion.Elisa's specificity and reliability is approximately 90%.
The probability of false and false negative results occurs in various failures in the operation of the immune system.Therefore, when making a diagnosis, not only Elisa data is taken into account, but also a clinical image.If necessary, the patient is sent to additional exams.
Parasites analysis in adults and children
There are other ways to identify the helminthic invasion.
The presence of this disease can be assumed by a general blood analysis.
They pay attention to signs such as in the long term, which lasts several months, an increase in the level of eosinophils (normal values fluctuate within 1-5%), with some types of helminth anemia (reducing hemoglobin concentration).
A common analysis of parasites in a child is a known scraping for an entire enterobiosis.
To do this, immediately after waking up, without leaving the bed and unwashed, it is necessary to push the buttocks and join a piece of tape to the anal opening and the skin around it.Then they stick to the article and for 1.5 hours it is attributed to the laboratory.
But this study allows you to determine only one type of parasite.It is not absolutely suitable for the identification of Lambia and other protozoa.Calais's analysis is more indicative.In this case, you can detect Ascaris larvae and different worms, Helmintiasis pathogens, parasites in the intestine.But a negative result does not always mean the lack of a disease.Therefore, for reliable diagnosis, several tests for parasites are required in a child.
A negative analysis of the feces can result if the worms have not yet reached the final parts of the digestive system or have already passed the propagation cycle.Some drugs can also influence data.Therefore, it is recommended to repeat the study after a few days.
But the most reliable analysis of parasites in an adult and a child is the diagnosis for polymerase chain or abbreviated PCR.At the same time, experts determine the pathogen DNA in the patient's blood.It is clear that with this study method, the probability of false data is insignificant.The analysis will give a precise result even in the initial stages of invasion.
In general, the PCR is prescribed to confirm the diagnosis.The generalized use of this method with a preventive objective limits the high cost.In adults, the testimonies for the parasites exam are problems with immunity, the general deterioration in good, the temperature of the unclear etiology, the cough and other symptoms of helminthiasis.However, it is recommended that you begin diagnoses with a regular fecal analysis, which can be delivered at any clinic.
Important!The treatment must begin only after parasites tests have been performed in adults, and confirmation of the helminthic invasion has been obtained.Taking drugs in case of suspicion of a parasitic infection can cause serious complications.
Medical recommendations differ in the relatively early diagnosis of such diseases in childhood.It is necessary to take a scraping to enterobiosis and feces in the egg reader twice a year.Such parasites tests are required in a child before visiting the garden and school.And in no case should it be forgotten about prevention, which is reduced to frequent hand washing corresponding to food treatment and drinking water quality.